موقف كارناب من المعرفة التركبية القبلية عند كانط

Abstract EN

In his book, Philosophical Foundations of Physics Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) discusses the possibility of synthetic a priori knowledge, a concept introduced by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804).

Kant argued that synthetic a priori knowledge is knowledge that is both informative (synthetic) and knowable independently of experience (a priori).

Carnap disagrees with Kant's view that synthetic a priori knowledge is possible.

He argues that all knowledge is either analytic or synthetic.

Analytic knowledge is true by definition, and synthetic knowledge is true because of the way the world is.

Carnap further argues that all synthetic knowledge is based on experience.

Carnap's view is motivated by the discovery of non-Euclidean geometries.

In Euclidean geometry, the parallel postulate is assumed to be true.

However, in non-Euclidean geometries, the parallel postulate is not assumed to be true.

This shows that geometry is not a priori, but rather synthetic.

Carnap concludes that there is no such thing as synthetic a priori knowledge.

All knowledge is either analytic or synthetic, and all synthetic knowledge is based on experience