Finite closed universe contained in a spherical shell "Sama"

Abstract EN

-A novel postulate is proposed which assumes the Universe to be enclosed in a finite uniform smooth spherical shell "Sama", which is a blackbody in complete thermodynamic equilibrium.

The model provides an explanation to some main issues.

First, an interpretation of the homogeneity and isotropy of the 2.735 ْ k background radiation as emanating from "Sama".

Second.

"Sama" accounts for the great portion of the cold sub-luminous matter, which acts as a base or a seed for galaxy formation and clustering.

Third, the model also assumes an extremely massive hot core located at the center of the Universe, which forms most of the hot dark matter and is a source of the great amount of power on the large scale structure of the Universe.

Accordingly, the Milky Way Galaxy (MWG) is located near "Sama" rather than at the center near the core.

Furthermore, the evidence for huge sheets of galaxies indicates that they are adjacent to "Sama", which is characterized by its uniform gravitational field.

Also the increased mass-to-light ratio for larger scales is due to larger corresponding areas from "Sama", which are not covered by galaxies.

Since the average intergalactic distances are larger than the radius of a typical galaxy.

The mass-to-light ratio increases, when going from galactic scale to the level of the cluster.

Furthermore, the measured local mass density is far below the critical density required to bring back remote galaxies, which are moving towards the core.

The model contributes to the feasibility of a finite Universe, where a physical Universe has to be finite, rather than expanding forever.