Wind characteristics and winnd power analysis in the Kingdom of Bahrian for building integrated wind turbine application and CO2 emission reduction

Abstract EN

In this paper, we present a thorough analysis of wind speeds in Bahrain at five different sites (top north, middle east coast, middle west coast, down south, and middle) using the available long - term meteorological data and WASP software. The Weibull distributions parameters (c & k) were found to range from 6.0 to 6.7 m /s and 1.5 to 1.74, respectively, with average wind speeds ranging from 5.4 to 6.0 m /s (for five different locations) at a height of 10 m .

The annual output from a 40 m blade size Eneron (GmbH) wind turbine with rated power, Pr, 500 kW and rated wind speed, Vr, 12 m /s (cut in speed, Vj, 3m/s, and cut off speed, Vf, 25 m /s) in these five locations in Bahrain, with a = 0.2 and capacity factor from 0.24 to 0.29, was found to vary from 2.00 to 2.73 GWh at height of 50 m and from 10.9 to 13.9 GWh at a height of 150m.

The study reveals that we will need only nearly 6060 wind turbines @ 500 kW- distributed around the island of Bahrain (circumference of nearly 300 km) and separated by a distance of 50 m to fulfil all the electricity need in the kingdom of Bahrain. The annual saving or reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) was found to be ranging from 979 to 1092 tons, and for sulphur dioxide (SO2) was 10.5 to 12.7 tons while for nitrogen oxides (NOx) was from 1.50 to 1.74 tons when using a 500 kW wind turbine.

Such a turbine would be able to supply 29 to 35 houses at a monthly electric consumption of 3000 kWh.

The suitable method for integrating the wind turbine into buildings (making them sustainable) is highlighted herein.