Work stress, premenstrual syndrome and dysphonic disorder : are there any associations?

Abstract EN

Background: Women with recurrent and severe symptoms are diagnosed as having premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and if they suffer from severe affective symptoms, a diagnosis of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is made.

The purpose of this study was to determine the association of work stress with PMS and PMDD.

Methods: Fifty-five female medical students in their internship program (ten 24-hour shifts per month) and 38 third-year female medical students without any shift duties were asked to participate in this study.

A questionnaire was used to record demographic information and a self-report inventory was used to measure 13 symptoms relevant to PMS and PMDD according to DSM-IV criteria.

All participants were asked to complete the inventory every night around midnight for those on shifts or before going to bed at home for 60 consecutive nights.

Results: Out of 55 volunteers in the shift-work group, 31 (56%) fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for PMS in contrast to 12 (32%) in the control group.

The frequency of PMDD was 12 (22%) in the intern group and 5 (13%) in the control group.

Twenty one students (55%) from the control group did not have PMS or PMDD, compared to 12 (22%) students from the shift workers.

Decreased energy (70.9%) and irritability (65.4%) were the most frequent symptoms during the luteal phase in the shift-work group.

Conclusion: Work stress and an increase in responsibility may produce or exacerbate PMS.

Self-help approaches to induce self-awareness, along with psychological and psychiatric interventions, may help susceptible women to overcome this cyclic condition in order to increase their productivity as well as their quality of life.