Effect of vegetable oils and hydrogenated oils fed to adult male rats and its relationship with major serum fatty acids profile

Abstract EN

Corn and sunflower oil (crystal), Rawaby and El Nakhletein pure vegetable Samna were fed male Albino rats (weighting 80-100 gram) in different groups with different concentrations (diets containing 10, 15 and 20 %).

Blood samples were taken after 1st, 2nd and 3rd months.

Samples from the experimental oils and fat were taken and analyzed for fatty acids composition in both fed and sera.

In corn and sunflower oil, the major fatty acid was oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid.

The largest percentage of oleic acid was present in sunflower oil (50.5 ± 6.6 %), followed by corn oil (33.7 ± 2.6 %), El Nakhletein (20.1 ± 1.2 %) and in Rawaby (2.8 ± 0.2 %).

In Rawaby and El Nakhletein hydrogenated oil, the Palmitic acid (30.8 ± 3.7 and 42.1 ± 0.7 %) and stearic (36.8 ± 4.3 and 20.1 ± 1.2 %) were the predominant fatty acids.

The largest percentage of total polyunsaturated was present in corn oil (45.3 %) followed by sunflower oil (37.3 %), Rawaby (25.2 %) and El Nakhletein (17.7 %).

While, the largest percentage of total saturated fatty acid was found in Rawaby (72 %), El Nakhletein (62.2 %), and corn oil (20.9 %) and in sunflower oil (15.6 %).

Feeding of corn oil resulted changes in major serum fatty acids linoleic ; stearic and oleic.

Linoleic acid was increased significantly after three months of feeding.

Oleic acid decreased significantly after one month by 10 and 15 % then increased significantly by 10 %, 15 % and 20 % after three months.

Stearic acid was increased significantly only after one month of feeding followed by significant decreased after three months of feeding.

Rats fed sunflower oil associated with changes in linoleic, linoleic; stearic and oleic acids.

Linolenic acid was increased significantly (44.26 ± 1.08, 45.06 ± 1.81 and 46.46 ± 1.08 %) after three months respectively.

In contrary, linoleic acid decreased insignificantly (16.48 ± 0.40, 17.30 ± 1.02 %).

The decrease was significantly (13.96 ± 1.11 %) by 20 % concentration.

Oleic acid and Stearic acid decreased significantly (11.15 ± 1.06, 16.96 ± 0.70 %) and (16.90 ± 1.08, 14.68 ± 0.85 and 14.59 ± 1.02%) and after three months 10, 15 and 20 % concentrations.

The major fatty acids, in sera of rats fed Rawaby hydrogenated oil were palmitic, linolenic, stearic and oleic acid.

Palmitic acid and Linoleic acid were significant increase (29.74 ± 1.67, 29.54 ± 1.63 and 30.04 ± 1.04 %) and (31.95 ± 1.08, 24.65 ± 0.60 and 22.65 ± 1.25 %) by different concentrations respectively.

These increments were only significant by 10 % concentration after one month and by all concentrations after two months of feeding.

Stearic acid and Oleic acid decreased significantly and after three months by 10 %, 15 % and 20 %, respectively.

The major fatty acids in sera of rats fed El Nakhletein hydrogenated oil were palmitic, stearic oleic and linoleic acid.

Palmitic acid was increased significantly (18.21 ± 1.06, 19.51 ± 0.63 and 20.62 ± 1.04 %) by 10, 15 and 20 % concentrations respectively.

Stearic acid was decreased significantly (31.09 ± 1.47, 30.24 ± 1.08 and 31.24 ± 1.21 %) respectively.

Oleic acid was increased followed by decreased significantly and Linoleic acid was increased (29.94 ± 1.09, 22.90 ± 1.22 and 12.87 ± 1.08 %) after one month in comparing with the control group.

Conclusion : 1.

In general the serum fatty acids were affected directly by the concentrations (10, 15 and 15 %) of oils and hydrogenated oils in the diet.

while no effect appeared by time intervals (one, Two and three months) factor especially in case of sunflower oils feeding.

2.

These changes were associated with changes in total polyunsaturated, total monounsaturated and total saturated fatty acid in corn, sunflower oil, Rawaby and Nakhletein in rats diets.