Hereditary gingival fibromatosis

Abstract EN

Background : Hereditary gingival fibromatosis is a benign, idiopathic condition affecting both arches.

Is characterized by a slowly progressive, benign enlargement of the keratinized oral gingival tissues results from an increase in the connective tissue elements of the submucosa and can vary in severity, Gingival enlargements may be either inflammatory, non inflammatory or a combination of both.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF), is usually transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait Material and Methods : Four patients (3 males and 1 female), with age range between 20-45 years old and with no history of systemic disease(s) or medications intake were referred to the Department of Periodontics \ College of Dentistry at the University of Baghdad.

Results : After 6 months, three of the patients showed signs of improvements, while the forth male patient return with failure of treatment and the condition is even worse.

Histological findings showed few fibroblasts with stellate shape and the epithelial rete ridges were bayonet-shaped, overlying dense fibrous connective tissue.

Conclusion : The only treatment of choice in this our condition was gingivectomy to satisfy the patients’ esthetics.

Idiopathic gingival fibromatosis may be congenital or hereditary.

Though the genetic mechanism is not well understood, the success of treatment was relative since another gingivectomy procedures needed for reshaping the gingival and no explanation could be found for the failure for the forth case.

Histological findings are similar to that seen with phenytoin-induced gingival enlargement