Cord serum leptin, insulin and inculin-like growth factor 1 concentrations correlation with fetal growth

Abstract EN

Background : Fetal growth is a process governed by multiple factors: hormonal, nutritional, environmental factors and genetic predisposition.

Abnormal intrauterine growth and development resulting either in large- or small-for-gestationai age infants may lead to elevated Perinatal morbidity and mortality with the potential of long-term consequences for the fetus later in life.

Aims : To evaluate leptin, insulin and insulin growth factor -1 levels at birth and to investigate the relation of these hormones with intrauterine growth and how these hormones may interact.

Methods : A total of 95 Egyptian newborns (50 females and 45 males; gestational age, 37- 40 weeks) were enrolled in the study.

Umbilical cord blood samples were collected from 25 small 40 appropriate and 30 large for gestational age newborns.

Resuits : Cord leptin, insulin and GF-1 levels were significantly lower in small compared to appropriate for gestational age infants and significantly higher in large compared to appropriate for gestational age infants with gender difference in cord leptin level.

We observed a positive correlation between cord leptin, insulin, iGF-1, and birth weight, body mass index in both small and large for gestational age.

Cord leptin was significantly correlated with cord insulin, IGF-1 and blood glucose at one hour in the studied patients.

Also cord leptin was positively correlated with HbAlC of large for gestational age mothers.

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Cord insulin was significantly correlated with cord IGF-1.

Neither gestational age nor mode of delivery affects the cord blood level of these hormones.

Condusfon; Leptin, insulin and IGF-1 were detected in the cord blood of newborns playing important roles in intrauterine growth and these hormones were correlated to their birth weight, length and body mass index and these hormones could interact with each other in their-rnode of action .