Dry matter and nitrogen assimilation and partitioning of six wheat cultivars in rainfall region

Other Title(s)

تمثيل و توزيع المادة الجافة و النيتروجين إلى ستة أصناف من القمح في المناطق المطرية

Dissertant

al-Rawashidah, Yahya Abad

Thesis advisor

Abd al-Ghani, Adil Hasan Mahmud

Comitee Members

al-Samirrai, Abd al-Hamid Ahmad
al-Umari, Ayed Muhammad
al-Kafawin, Umar Muhammad

University

Mutah University

Faculty

Faculty of Agriculture

Department

Plant Production Department

University Country

Jordan

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2007

English Abstract

The current study was implemented to assess the effect of nitrogen (N) timing application and cultivars on the amount of pre-anthesis dry matter (DM) and N accumulation as well as the remobilization of the assimilates to sink (grain).

The experiment was implemented during 2005/2006 growing season at two locations; namely Rabba and M'shaqar experimental stations, which belong to National Center for Agricultural Research and Technology Transfer (NCARTT).

The treatments comprised of six wheat cultivars and two methods of N application timing (single and split N application).

The durum wheat cultivars used in this study were Shaml, Sham3, Sham5, Om Qais, Dair Alia and Safra Ma'an.

N was applied at a rate of 40 kg N ha"1 (the recommended rate in Jordan) as diamonumphosphate (DAP) just before planting (i.e.

single N application) or 20 kg ha"1 before planting as DAP plus 20 kg ha-1 top dressed at early boot sage as urea (i.e.

split N application treatment).

The experimental design was randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement of treatments (cultivars and N application timing) with three replications Our results suggest that single N application is relatively better than split N application in improving DM accumulation in vegetative parts at anthesis and maturity stages, grain and biological yield and N translocation efficiency (NTE).

High soil pH, water stress and high temperature during grain filling might lead to the losses of N in gaseous form, mainly as ammonia (NH3) and consequently reduced the effectiveness of the second N dosage.

N timing application did not significantly affect the protein content of wheat grains. Differences in DM accumulation in vegetative parts at an thesis and maturity were observed among locations and cultivars, indicating that DM accumulation depends on the environmental conditions prevailing during the growing season, and is also under genetic control.

Total above ground DM at an thesis and maturity were higher at Mushaqer than at Rabba for all cultivars.

This might be due to the better rains distribution at Mushaqer than at Rabba. Cultivar nitrogen translocation efficiencies (NTE) ranged from 73 to 80%, and the contribution pf pre-anthesis assimilates to grain from 26.19 to 63.67%, indicating the importance of pre-anthesis accumulated assimilates for attaining high yield under semi-arid rain-fed-conditions.

Shaml cultivar showed the best values for DM total vegetative parts at anthesis, DMTE, NTE and harvest index (HI) at both locations with single N application Therefore, Shaml is recommended for farmers just before sowing N application to obtain the highest yield potential.

Main Subjects

Botany

Topics

• Jordan
• Wheat

No. of Pages

73

Table of Contents

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

Language

English

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-297631