Calcium and phosphate excretion in preeclampsia, as markers of servere disease

Abstract EN

Background : Preeclampsia is defined as hypertension of at least 140 / 90 mmHg recorded on at least two separate occasions and at least 4 hours apart and in presence of at least 300 mg protein in a 24 hour collection of urine, arising de novo after 20th week of pregnancy in a previously normotensive woman and resolving completely by the 6th postpartum week, and is often referred to as the disease of theories, and there are more questions than answers and is characterized by alterations in renal function, changes of electrolyte and water metabolism are common findings. Aim of study : To evaluate the usefulness of urine calcium and phosphorus level as a makers of severity in preeclampsia. Setting : Our study was carried out at AL-Zahraa Teaching Hospital of Maternity and pediatrics in AL-NAJAF city from April-September-2011 . Patients and methods : The total number of all cases was 100, among them 21 women with normal pregnancy, 26 cases with non proteinuric hypertension (whether essential or pregnancy-induced hypertension), 20 cases with mild preeclampsia, 33 cases with sever preeclampsia. Every patient was sent for urinary calcium and phosphate which both were determined by the Kramer-Tisdall and phosphomolibidic acid method, respectively. Data are given as mean ± standard deviation.

Student t- test and simple correlation analysis were used as statistical method to test the results . Results : There was significant decrease in excretion of calcium and phosphorus in sever preeclampsia [p < 0.001, p < 0.01] respectively as a result of decrease glomerular filtration rate.

While in mild cases and pregnancy induced hypertension cases there were no significant changes. Conclusion : Urine calcium and phosphorus level are ≥ significant determinant of severity of preeclampsia and may be considered as useful marker for predicting the level of renal impairment and time of delivery.