Prevalence of molar-incisor-hypomineralization among children attending pedodontic clinic of college of dentistry at Baghdad University

Abstract EN

Background : Molar Incisor Hypomineralization is a developmentally derived dental defect that involves hypomineralization of one to four permanent first molars frequently associated with similarly affected permanent incisors.

The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence and severity of MIH among Iraqi children attending the teaching hospital of the College of Dentistry, Baghdad University. Materials and method : Two hundred and twenty seven children of ages ranging from 4-15 years participated and were examined for enamel hypomineralization defects.

Enamel Defect Index (EDI) as well as evaluation criteria for MIH diagnosis were used in order to detect the defects.

When MIH was detected, further examinations were carried out to evaluate the severity of the defect.

Other types of hypoplasia such as localized or generalized hypoplasia were also recorded and undergone the same examination. Results : It was found that of the two hundred and twenty seven children examined; one or more hypoplasias were detected in 21 children (compromising 9.25 % of the sample).

Fifteen children of these 21 children had hypoplasia of MIH type (6.61 % of the total sample and 71.43 % of the affected ones).

Females were more affected with enamel defects than males although both showed similar susceptibility to have MIH type of defects.

Most of the children who had MIH were in the sixth year of age (n = 6) and at this age the number of teeth affected was 36 (34.6 %).

The incisors were found to be affected in a severe (29, 47.54 %), mild (21, 34.43 %) and the least moderate degrees (11, 18.03 %) while the molars were more mildly affected (23, 48.94 %). Conclusion : Molar incisor hypomineralization is prevalent in Iraqi children.

It was not gender dependant and was mostly detected in six year old children.

The severity of the defects differed in different age groups and on different teeth.