Histopathological monitorring of cardioprotective effects of MgSO4, pioglitazone and omega-3 fatty acids in rabbits induced with myocardial infarction

Abstract EN

Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. In a trial of developing more effective and safe management of this problematic form of ischemic heart disease, that has several cardioprotective mechanisms, pioglitazone, Omega-3, and magnesium sulfate have been assessed in a rabbit model of induced myocardial infarction (MI). A thirty local domestic adult male rabbits were divided into 5 groups include healthy control, induced untreated, pioglitazone treated, magnesium treated, Omega-3 treated group.

These drugs were given in a dose of 1 mg \ kg, 2 mg \ kg and 2 mg \ kg respectively single per day for 60 days with clinical and histopathological assessment along the treatment course. All of the tested agents caused significant cardioprotective and cardioregenerative figure causing left graphic shift in regard to reducing the infarct thickness and inflammatory cells infiltration at the end of treatment course P < 0.05.

In this study omega-3 fatty acids have caused significant reduction in the mean infarct size from 2000 + / - 147 micrometer to 1400 + / - 35 micrometer at the end of treatment course in comparison with the control untreated group.

In regard to anti-inflammatory reduction by these drugs, MgSO4 caused reduction in the mean PMN, MN cells and fibrocytes from 250 + / - 45 per high power field at start of treatment to 90 + / - 23 at the end of the treatment course.

In conclusion, omega-3 fatty acids and MgSO4 had a promising cardioprotective effects that could be further evaluated as a supportive treatment for human myocardial infarction.