Secondary metabolite production from rosemary (rosmarinus officinalis L.)‎ using plant tissue culture technique

Abstract EN

The yield of Rosmarinus officinalis L., for some secondary metabolites, was investigated.

Yield of tissue culture was compared with intact plant production.

Many experiments were implemented.

Callus was initiated on MS medium supplemented with a combination of 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0mg / L of BA and 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg / L of 2,4-D.

Maximum callus fresh weight was obtained by the combination of 0.1 mg / L of BA and 0.5mg/L of 2, 4-D, under 16hrs light and 8hrs dark.

Highest callus fresh weight initiated in full dark occurred at 0.5mg / L BA and 0.5 mg / L of 2,4-D.

Many combinations were examined for callus maintenance.

It was found that the best combination for callus maintenance under 16hrs light and 8hrs dark was 0.5mg/L of BA and 0.1mg / L of 2,4-D, whereas maximum callus fresh weight was obtained in the absence of light when 0.5mg / L of both plant growth regulators were added to the culture medium.

The plant content of essential oil was estimated monthly.

Essential oil was at its highest levels during the winter season.

The chemical analysis was carried out using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).

The essential oil of rosemary leaves was characterized by a higher content of ά-pinene (21.093 %), camphor (12.889 %) borneol (9.808 %) eucalyptol (8.257 %) and camphene (7.973 %), while the main constituents of callus essential oil were camphor (19.961 %), borneol (19.160 %), thymol (8.497 %) and eucalyptol (10.126 %).