Screening selected spring wheat cultivars for productivity, protein content and the Glu-B1 allele using PCR

Abstract EN

Spring wheat cultivars (Sama, Yocra Rojeo, Sids 1, Sakha 8, Sakha 61, Giza 164, Giza 168, Bani Swaf 1, Bani Swaf 3, and Shandawel) were evaluated for their productivity in two field experiments during 2005/2006 and 2006 / 2007 winter seasons.

The results indicated that cultivars (Sids 1 and Giza 164) produced the highest grain yield.

While, cultivars (Bani Swaf 3, and Bani Swaf 1) produced the lowest grain yield.

Also, the last cultivars gave the lowest harvest index.

Wheat cultivars Sama, Giza-164 and Sids 1 were the tallest plants.

Moreover, there were significant differences in yield components among wheat cultivars.

The highest protein cultivar Sakha 61 had a mean protein percentage of 15.65 %.

Cultivar Sakha 61 had genetic potential to produce grain with higher protein content than the other cultivars.

Bani Swaf 3 cv.

had the highest protein content and the lowest grain yield.

A set of PCR-based markers for specific HMW glutenin genes encoding By-subunits were used to identify wheat genotypes carrying By genes at the Glu-B1 locus for its bread-making quality.

The presence of primer pair ZSBy9aF1 / R3 in the reaction mixture, which is an allele-specific marker for the wheat HMW glutenin By9 allele, showed one band of 650 bp in wheat cultivars Sama, Yocra Rojeo, Sids 1, Sakha 8, Sakha 61, and Giza 168.

Also, primer set ZSBy9F2 / R2, specific for By16 and By-null subunits in wheat cultivars, amplified three different banding patterns for wheat cultivars.

Wheat cultivars Sama, Sids 1, and Sakha 61 produced three PCR fragments for the By16 gene, which exists in Glu-B1f (Bx13 + By16).

Cultivars Yecora Rojo, Sakha 8, Giza 164, Giza 168, and Bani Swaf 3 produced two PCR fragments.

These two PCR fragments were found to be specific for By8, By9, By18 and By15 genes.

Cultivars Bani Swaf 1, and Shandawel did not produce any PCR product that was found to be specific for By-null or 20 gene.

It was concluded that wheat genotypes Sakha 61 produced the highest grain yield and had the highest protein content By.