Type of anti-diabetic treatment and mortality risk factors in type 2 diabetics attending medical out-patient clinic of a teaching hospital

Abstract EN

To study the different types of anti-diabetic treatment used in Type-2 diabetics attending King Abdulaziz University Hospital out-patient medical clinic and to determine their mortality risk factors, a random sample of 426 Type 2 diabetics was selected to participate in the study.

Demographic data were collected as well as their nationality, duration of diabetes, degree of blood glucose control, type of antidiabetic treatment (oral hypoglycemic agents and their type, insulin or combined, presence of obesity, presence of hyperlipidemia, presence of hypertension, presence of ischemic heart disease, presence of renal failure, presence of stroke or transit ischemic attack, smoking (active or passive), and mortality.

The mean age of the study group was 49 years with male:female ratio of 1.

9 : 1.

The mean duration of diabetes was 11 years.

Oral hypoglycemic agents were the most frequently used antidiabetic treatment; 57 % versus 36% insulin and 7% combined oral hypoglycaemic and insulin.

Glibenclamide followed by metformin were the most common used oral hypoglycemic agents : 57 % and 51 %, respectively, while Repaglinide, rosiglitazone were used in 7% and 4 %, respectively.

On multiple regression analysis after adjustment to all factors and sex; presence of ischemic heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and poor glycemic control were the most significant risk factors associated with mortality; O.

R.

7.

3, 2.

07, 2.

99, 2.

76 (95 % C.

I.

2.

1 -26.

4, 1.

15 - 3.

71, 1.

70 - 5.

2, 1.

1 - 6.7), and p value 0.

002, 0.

01, 0.

001, 0.

02, respectively.

These are under use of new generations of oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin.

Actions should be taken towards this.

Free supply of medications might be of help.