Extraction, biological activity, and formulation of a Sudanese medicinal herb (Monechma ciliatum)‎

Dissertant

Oshi, Murtada Ahmad Muhammad

Thesis advisor

Abd al-Karim, Abd al-Karim Muhammad

University

Omdurman Islamic University

Faculty

Faculty of Pharmacy

University Country

Sudan

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2010

English Abstract

The use of medicinal plants as raw material in the production of drugs isagain gaining popularity. The aim of this study is to formulate a suitable dosage form from the crudeextract of Monechmaciliatum.

Monechmaciliatumin general has manytraditional uses and applications in different parts of the country.

It is widelyused in the South and Southwestern parts. In this study, the maceration method was selected from other differentmethods based on the biological, economical and pharmaceutical reasons. Also the crude ethanolic extract of Monechmaciliatumwas used, due to thesynergistic action that may be exhibited by the extract. Phytochemical screening test results of seeds of Monechmaciliatumtodetect the major constituents showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins,triterpens, and anthraquinones.

These findings were confirmed by thin layerchromatography (TLC) results. The selected extract showed a high antibacterial activity against standardgram- negative bacterium Klebsiellapneumoniae, and moderate activityagainst standard gram- positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, while thestandard gram- negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosawas insensitiveto the extract in different concentrations.

The standard fungi used wereinsensitive to the extract in different concentrations. In the process of formulating of low cost, safe, effective and reproducibledosage form, the wet granulation method was found to be the most suitablefor the semisolid extract of the plant material.

After preformulation studies,two formulae were prepared, formula-1 by using starch as a binder anddisintegrant, formula-2 by using polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) and crosscarmellose cellulose (CCS) as a binder and disintegrant respectively. The use of starch as disintegrant in tablets of formula- 1, gave thedisintegration time of 8: 33 minutes: seconds, while the disintegration timefor tablets of formula- 2 was 11: 667 minutes: seconds by using the high costsuper disintegrant CCS. Coloring agent was not needed, as the extract was mutually colored(acceptable pale brown color).

Also sweetening agent was not added, as thehigh content of lactose per tablet masked the bitter taste of the extract. The quality control (QC) tests were carried out and good results wereobtained for both formulae.

QC test results complied with the requirementsstated in official British and American pharmacopeias.

The carried out testswere: weight variation, friability, hardness, disintegration and dissolutiontests (carried out by using two different dissolution mediums and thedissolution rate was measured at different time intervals). The ongoing stability studies were carried out for tablets of formula-1 andgave positive results.

Main Subjects

Pharmacology

Topics

• Medicinal plants
• Sudan

No. of Pages

73

Table of Contents

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

Language

English

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-363436