The Impact of diabetes on pregnancy in Qatar

Abstract EN

Objectives : To investigate maternal and neonatal out¬comes of pregnancies in women with different types of diabetes in Qatar.

To identify factors such as age, family history of diabe¬tes and obesity contributing to the increased risk of GD.

Design : The design of this study is retrospective.

Materials and Methods : t>14 pregnant women with different types of diabetes including 143(28%) Impaired Glucose Tolerance Test (IGTT'), 334(65%) Gestational Diabetes (GD), 26(5%) Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (IDDM) and 11(2%) Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) who delivered between Jan - June 2004formed the subject of this study .Data extractedfrom the files included maternal characteristics, fetal and maternal complications.

Result : Eight women had abortions and two had stillbirths, leaving a final dataset comprising 504 women (141 IGTT, 332 GDM, 21 IDDM and 10 NIDDM).

Two hundred and eighty three (56.2%) were Qatari.53 %( n=267) aged >30 years, 57.5 %( n=290) had family history of diabetes, only 16.1 %( n=81) treated by insulin .Polyhydramnios was the most common antenatal complication occurred in 15 %( n=76).

No maternal mortality .The overall Cesarean section was 6.2 %( n=31), .Preterm delivery 5.8 %( n=29).

Macrosomia appeared in 7.3 %( n=37) infants and con¬genital malformations in 2 %( n=10) infants.

Conclusions : We observed that the risk factors for GDM found in other studies are generally valid for our population.

Also we found that IDDM has a poorer outcome than NIDDM.

However a future prospective study is need it to draw firm conclusions regarding the relative magnitudes of the ad¬verse effects between the different diabetic groups.