Incidence of contrast induced nephropathy post coronary angiography : a prospective study at Queen Alia Heart Institute

Abstract EN

Objective : The aim of our study was to identify the incidence of contrast induced nephropathy in patients undergoing coronary angiography or intervention at Queen Alia Heart Institute.

Method : This was a prospective study conducted from December 2011 till March 2012.

All adult patients undergoing coronary angiography or intervention were enrolled into this study.

Demographic data, risk factors for coronary artery disease, the amount of contrast used and the diagnosis were collected using a pre-prepared form.

Baseline and serial serum creatinine on day two and day four post procedures was collected.

Contrast induced nephropathy was defined as an absolute rise of 0.5 mg / dl or a 25 % rise in serum creatinine from the baseline reading.

Results : We prospectively followed 205 patients.

There were 140 males (68 %) and 65 females (32 %).

Their age ranged from 28-82 years with a mean of 58.5 (± 12.2) years.

The prevalence of diabetes was 50%, hypertension 61 %, family history of premature coronary artery disease 15% and 36% were smokers.

The amount of contrast used ranged from 15-380 ml with an average of 117 ml per patient.

Serum creatinine on admission ranged from 0.4-5.0 with and average of 1.1 mg / dl.

The maximum rise in creatinine ranged from 0 – 5.9 with an average of 0.20 mg/dl.

Of the study population 18 patients (8.8%) had an absolute rise in creatinine of ≥ 0.5 mg / dl and 62 patients (30 %) had a percentage rise of ≥ 0.25 % in serum creatinine.

None of our patients needed dialysis as a result of contrast induced nephropathy.

Conclusion : Contrast induced nephropathy is common in patients undergoing coronary angiography and intervention.

Being one of the commonest caucauses of acute renal failure in hospitalized patients adequate measures should be instituted to combat it.