Relationship between the severity of gingival inflammation and concentration of gingival fluid proteins

Abstract EN

The gingival fluid flow occurs when the gingival tissue vessels are irritated.

In a chronically inflamed gingiva the blood-tissue barrier is no longer intact, an increased permeability exists which permits a leakage of plasma protein into the intervascular tissue, the affected blood vessels exhibit qualitative changes of the vascular wall these include the formation of nonselective fenestrations which permit exudation of whole plasma proteins.

Most of these proteins are involved in the mechanisms initiating and controlling the inflammatory response.

The aim of this study was to provide information about some aspects of proteins in the gingival fluid during inflammation.

Seven plasma proteins of different molecular weight were chosen for assay: Haptoglobine, Alpha-1 glycoprotein (orosomucoid), prealbumin, Alpha-1 antitrypsin, IgG, IgA and IgM.

Thirty subjects were selected for the investigation, gingival fluid collected by micropipettes from the gingiva adjacent to the upper front teeth, clinical assessment of the gingival condition was made according to the gingival index (G.I) of Loe and Silness then patients divided into three groups.

Concentrations of the proteins were determined by using lasernephelometry.

Results demonstrated a remarkable difference in the rate of gingival fluid flow with higher flow rate in cases with chronically inflamed gingiva.

The concentration of the proteins increase with the severity of the gingival inflammation.

In conclusion the concentration of the proteins are not related to their molecular weight nephelometry seems to be a reliable technique for screening studies of gingival fluid proteins.