Evaluation of inorganic ions and enzymes levels in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects

Abstract EN

Background : Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tissues supporting the teeth.

Inorganic ions and salivary enzymes have been most intensely studied as a potential marker for periodontal disease.

This study aimed to detect sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium ions level in saliva & also to assess the activity of creatin kinase (CK) and gamma glutamyle tranferase (GGT) enzymes in saliva of patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects and correlate the mean salivary levels of these ions and enzymes with clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, PPD and CAL).

Materials and Methods : The study sample consists of (23) patients with chronic periodontitis and (12) healthy subjects of both gender with age ranged (35-45) years .Plaque index (PLI).

Gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) are the periodontal parameters used in this study, un stimulated saliva sample were collected from all subjects and the levels of sodium, calcium, Magnesium, potassium, CK and GGT enzymes in each specimen were analyzed for each group.

A statistical analysis was done to estimate the levels of these ions and enzymes in saliva and correlate the mean salivary inorganic and enzyme levels with the clinical periodontal parameters.

Results : The present study showed that highly significant and significant differences in the levels of inorganic ions Na+ and Ca+2 respectively was found between chronic periodontitis and control group, while non significant differences in the level of Mg+2 and K+ ions were found between the study group and control group.

Highly significant differences in the levels of salivary enzymes CK and GGT were found between the control group and chronic periodontitis group.

This study showed a positive correlation between the activity CK enzyme and PLI, GI and CAL.

Also there was a significant correlation found between Na+, Ca+2 and CAL.

Concerning PPD, there was no correlation between those ions and enzymes with PPD in chronic periodontitis patients.

Conclusion : Estimation of those in organic ions and enzymes in saliva of chronic periodontitis may be used as potential diagnostic markers of disease status in periodontal tissues.