Effect of Olea Europea, Allium sativum and Nigella sativa oils on concentration of some biochemical parameters in serum of hyperlipidemic male rats

Abstract EN

The potential health benefits of various dietary oils in relation to the cardiovascular disease (CVD) recently receiving considerable attention.

One of the risk factor for development of CVD is hyperlipidemia as a result of high fatty diet consumption.

This study aimed to investigate the ameliorating effects of individual Olea europea, Allium sativum and Nigella sativa oils supplementation orally by gavage at 5 ml / kg on lipid composition in serum of hyperlipidemic male wistar albino rats.

Hperlipidemia was induced by high intake of diet rich of fat 3 % (HFD).

Animals were randomly segregated into five groups (each of five) and treated daily for six weeks as follow : Group A was negative control group consumed normal basic diet, the group B was positive control group consumed HFD, the group C consumed HFD with Olea europea oil, the group D consumed HFD with Allium sativum oil, the group E consumed HFD with Nigella sativa oil.

Blood was obtained at the day zero and at the end of 2nd, 4th and 6th weeks of treatment and allowed to clot and centrifuged to obtain serum for estimation of lipid fractions spectrophotometrically.

It has been evaluated that the tested oils play a major role in lipid lowering capacities through the results of the oil supplementation for hyperlipidemic rats in group C, D, and E which recorded significant reduction (P < 0.05) in total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and small size particles of low density lipoprotein (sdLDL) levels with significant decline in atherogenic index (AI) value from end of 2nd week of treatment when compared with the +ve control group (group B), while this significant reduction (P < 0.05) were recorded at the end of 6th weeks of treatment when compared with the -ve control group (group A).

On other hand the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) were recorded significant increase (P < 0.05) from end of 2nd week of treatment when compared with the +ve control group (group B) and after 6th weeks of treatment when compared with –ve control group (group A).

These study reveals the beneficial effect of the tested oils to the treatment of hyperlipidemia and remarkable reduce of atherogenicity.

This effect, may be attributed to the constituent of oils for unsaturated fatty acids, sulfhydryl group, polyphenolic compounds and flavonoids which they have possesses an ameliorating and lowering capacities in addition to antioxidant activities.