Improvement of the performance of combined heat and power plant equipped with back-pressure turbine

Dissertant

al-Shukri, Muhammad Jasim

Thesis advisor

Hasan, Muayyad Razzuqi

University

University of Technology

Faculty

-

Department

Mechanical Engineering Department

University Country

Iraq

Degree

Master

Degree Date

2012

English Abstract

The last decades of the century have witnessed great acceleration in developing the technology and industrial fields.

In the field of energy generation, the intention to build small power stations and transforming boiler plants into small combined heat and power plants (CHP) in order to fulfill the requirements of the industrial consumer.

Cogeneration plants play significant role in energy crisis solution.

Turbines type R (back-pressure) are playing here a very important role and their employment is considered to be a perspective way to increase effectiveness of (CHP).

Nowadays, only the pressure of steam extracted from back-pressure turbine to industrial purposes is regulated and its temperature is varied according to heat demand.

So, the superheating rate of the supplied steam reaches 150-200°C, at the same time some chemical plants required also saturated steam.

To regulate this temperature, desuperheater is located behind the turbine in which injection of water is used.

The present work deals with the theoretical analysis of cogeneration plants supplied with various back-pressure turbines.

Namely R-12/90-18, R-40/127-31, R-50/130-13 and R-100/130-15.

These plants were studied during their operation with conventional method (water injection) and the suggested method (sliding live steam temperature) in order to regulate steam temperature to the industrial consumers.

The simulation program is written to operate under MathCad software, where the input parameters to the program are the design parameters of back-pressure turbines.

Mathematical model is formulated for each component of the plant and then used at various operation regimes (on design and off design) through transient states in order to estimate the steady state condition of that regime.

According to the first and the second laws of thermodynamics, cogeneration plants with all mentioned types of back-pressure turbines are analysed.

This analysis is an incorporated study of the performance of plant when operating with conventional and the suggested methods.

The results show that using the suggested method with the turbine type R-12/90-18 lead to an increase in the efficiency of the plant by about (0-0.52%) with saving of fuel by about (0-14%) in comparison with the conventional method.

Also, the efficiency of the plant operating with the turbine type R-40/127-31 increases by about (0-0.33%) when using the suggested method with saving of fuel by about (0-15%) in comparison with the conventional method.

The increase in efficiency of the plant is by about (0-0.52%) and the saving of fuel is (0-10%) when using the turbine type R-50/130-13 with the suggested method.

Also, the use of the turbine type R-100/130-15; with the suggested method leads to an increase in the efficiency of plant by about (0-0.78%) while the saving of fuel is by about (0-23%) in comparison with the conventional method.

Finally, the results show that increasing the back-pressure leads to improve the performance of cogeneration plant regardless of the method used.

Main Subjects

Mechanical Engineering

Topics

• Electrical equipment

• APA
• MLA
• AMA

Language

English

Data Type

Arab Theses

Record ID

BIM-419697