Quantitative detection and correlation of Epstein-Barr Virus in plasma with gingivitis and severity of chronic periodontitis by using real-time polymerase chain reaction technique

Abstract EN

Background : This study aimed to detect EBV quantitatively in plasma using real-time polymerase chain reaction technique in chronic periodontitis and gingivitis patients and to compare the finding with control subjects (healthy periodontium) and to investigate the relationship between the presence of EBV & the severity of periodontal diseases using the clinical periodontal parameters (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD and CAL) between each of (chronic periodontitis and gingivitis) patients and compare with control (healthy periodontium) subjects .

Materials and methods : The study sample consisted of (101) individual of both genders, (61) chronic periodontitis patients which were subdivided into (mild, moderate & severe) depending on the scores of clinical attachment level, (20) gingivitis patients and (20) control subjects (healthy periodontium) with age ranged from (30-50) years.

All the groups were without any history of systemic diseases.

Clinical periodontal parameters used in this study were (PLI, GI, BOP, PPD and CAL).

Blood samples were collected from all individuals and examined by Real-Time PCR technique for the detection of EBV.

Results : The result of comparison for the occurrence of EBV among study and control groups according to sequential responding of EBV appears to be highly significant at negative level of EBV, significant in (100 - 500 copy / 105 cells) level and the results of leftover levels appear non significant difference.

The result of correlation between the actual occurrence of EBV and PPD scores in severe chronic periodontitis subgroup appears to be significant at PPD score (1) and non significant at scores (2&3).

The correlations between EBV and PPD scores in moderate and mild chronic periodontitis subgroups appear to be non significant with all scores.

The results of correlation between EBV and CAL parameter appear to be non significant among all scores of chronic periodontitis subgroup.

Concerning plaque index, the correlation appears to be significant in mild chronic periodonttis subgroup and highly significant in control group.

In case of gingival index, the correlation appears to be significant in severe chronic periodontitis subgroup and control group .The result of correlation with (B.O.P.

score 1) appears to be highly significant in severe subgroup of chronic periodontitis group and significant in gingivitis group, while in case of (B.O.P.

score 0), the correlation appears to be significant only in severe chronic periodonttis subgroup.

Conclusions : The present findings revealed that there may be an association between EBV infection and the severity of periodontal diseases and thus coinfection with EBV may play a role in increase destruction of periodontal tissues.