Acinetobacter baumannii Infection in Prior ICU Bed Occupants Is an Independent Risk Factor for Subsequent Cases of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

Abstract EN

Objective.

We aimed to evaluate risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to Acinetobacter baumannii (AbVAP) in critically ill patients.

Methods.

This was a prospective observational study conducted in an intensive care unit (ICU) of a district hospital (6 beds).

Consecutive patients were eligible for enrolment if they required mechanical ventilation for >48 hours and hospitalization for >72 hours.

Clinical, microbiological, and laboratory parameters were assessed as risk factors for AbVAP by univariate and multivariate analysis.

Results.

193 patients were included in the study.

Overall, VAP incidence was 23.8% and AbVAP, 11.4%.

Previous hospitalization of another patient with Acinetobacter baumannii infection was the only independent risk factor for AbVAP (OR (95% CI) 12.016 (2.282–19.521) P<0.001).

ICU stay (25±17 versus 12±9  P<0.001), the incidence of other infections (OR (95% CI) 9.485 (1.640–10.466) P=0.002) (urinary tract infection, catheter related infection, and bacteremia), or sepsis (OR (95% CI) 10.400 (3.749–10.466) P<0.001) were significantly increased in patients with AbVAP compared to patients without VAP; no difference was found with respect to ICU mortality.

Conclusion.

ICU admission or the hospitalization of patients infected by Acinetobacter baumannii increases the risk of AbVAP by subsequent patients.