![](/images/graphics-bg.png)
Are Soil Pollution Risks Established by Governments the Same as Actual Risks?
Author
Source
Applied and Environmental Soil Science
Issue
Vol. 2009, Issue 2009 (31 Dec. 2009), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2009-08-17
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Earth Science , Water and Environment
Abstract EN
Though soil pollution policies in North America and the European Union increasingly use risk-based standards, the construction and application of such standards are often deficient in taking account of actual risks.
Standards refer to total concentrations of substances and not to the biologically available amount.
A number of countries neglect “background” exposure, and assumptions regarding routes of exposure to soil pollution can be very different and at variance with empirical data.
Recent dose-effect studies are neglected in a number of cases.
The application of standards does not take account of the overall risk of soil pollution but rather leads to the decision whether or not there is violation of at least one standard for a specified (group of) substance(s).
Standards for soil pollutants are often based on the assumption that only effect addition can occur, whereas dose addition, antagonism and synergism, and indirect effects may in fact apply.
Several remedies for current shortcomings are proposed.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Reijnders, L.. 2009. Are Soil Pollution Risks Established by Governments the Same as Actual Risks?. Applied and Environmental Soil Science،Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-456213
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Reijnders, L.. Are Soil Pollution Risks Established by Governments the Same as Actual Risks?. Applied and Environmental Soil Science No. 2009 (2009), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-456213
American Medical Association (AMA)
Reijnders, L.. Are Soil Pollution Risks Established by Governments the Same as Actual Risks?. Applied and Environmental Soil Science. 2009. Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-456213
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-456213