Anemia in Heart Failure Patients

Joint Authors

Alexandrakis, Michael G.
Tsirakis, George

Source

ISRN Hematology

Issue

Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-9, 9 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2012-03-25

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

9

Main Subjects

Diseases

Abstract EN

Heart failure is a very common disease, with severe morbidity and mortality, and a frequent reason of hospitalization.

Anemia and a concurrent renal impairment are two major risk factors contributing to the severity of the outcome and consist of the cardio renal anemia syndrome.

Anemia in heart failure is complex and multifactorial.

Hemodilution, absolute or functional iron deficiency, activation of the inflammatory cascade, and impaired erythropoietin production and activity are some pathophysiological mechanisms involved in anemia of the heart failure.

Furthermore other concomitant causes of anemia, such as myelodysplastic syndrome and chemotherapy, may worsen the outcome.

Based on the pathophysiology of cardiac anemia, there are several therapeutic options that may improve hemoglobin levels, tissues’ oxygenation, and probably the outcome.

These include administration of iron, erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, and blood transfusions but still the evidence provided for their use remains limited.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Alexandrakis, Michael G.& Tsirakis, George. 2012. Anemia in Heart Failure Patients. ISRN Hematology،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-457044

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Alexandrakis, Michael G.& Tsirakis, George. Anemia in Heart Failure Patients. ISRN Hematology No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-457044

American Medical Association (AMA)

Alexandrakis, Michael G.& Tsirakis, George. Anemia in Heart Failure Patients. ISRN Hematology. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-457044

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-457044