Is There a Metabolic Program in the Skeletal Muscle of Obese Individuals?

Abstract EN

Severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2) is associated with multiple defects in skeletal muscle which contribute to insulin resistance and a reduction in fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in this tissue.

These metabolic derangements are retained in human skeletal muscle cells raised in culture.

Together, these findings are indicative of a dysfunctional global metabolic program with severe obesity which is of an epigenetic or genetic origin.

Weight loss via gastric bypass surgery can “turn off” and/or correct components of this metabolic program as insulin sensitivity is restored; however, the impairment in FAO in skeletal muscle remains evident.

Physical activity can improve FAO and insulin action, indicating that this patient population is not exercise resistant and that exercise offers a pathway to circumvent the abnormal program.

Findings presented in this review will hopefully increase the understanding of and aid in preventing and/or treating the severely obese condition.