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Toll-Like Receptors in Secondary Obstructive Cholangiopathy
Joint Authors
Alonso-Martínez, H.
Hernández-Ojeda, J.
Arias-Carvajal, O.
Rodríguez-Carrizalez, A. D.
Miranda-Díaz, A. G.
Román-Pintos, L. M.
Source
Gastroenterology Research and Practice
Issue
Vol. 2011, Issue 2011 (31 Dec. 2011), pp.1-10, 10 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2011-10-27
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
10
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Secondary obstructive cholangiopathy is characterized by intra- or extrahepatic bile tract obstruction.
Liver inflammation and structural alterations develop due to progressive bile stagnation.
Most frequent etiologies are biliary atresia in children, and hepatolithiasis, postcholecystectomy bile duct injury, and biliary primary cirrhosis in adults, which causes chronic biliary cholangitis.
Bile ectasia predisposes to multiple pathogens: viral infections in biliary atresia; Gram-positive and/or Gram-negative bacteria cholangitis found in hepatolithiasis and postcholecystectomy bile duct injury.
Transmembrane toll-like receptors (TLRs) are activated by virus, bacteria, fungi, and parasite stimuli.
Even though TLR-2 and TLR-4 are the most studied receptors related to liver infectious diseases, other TLRs play an important role in response to microorganism damage.
Acquired immune response is not vertically transmitted and reflects the infectious diseases history of individuals; in contrast, innate immunity is based on antigen recognition by specific receptors designated as pattern recognition receptors and is transmitted vertically through the germ cells.
Understanding the mechanisms for bile duct inflammation is essential for the future development of therapeutic alternatives in order to avoid immune-mediated destruction on secondary obstructive cholangiopathy.
The role of TLRs in biliary atresia, hepatolithiasis, bile duct injury, and primary biliary cirrhosis is described in this paper.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Miranda-Díaz, A. G.& Alonso-Martínez, H.& Hernández-Ojeda, J.& Arias-Carvajal, O.& Rodríguez-Carrizalez, A. D.& Román-Pintos, L. M.. 2011. Toll-Like Receptors in Secondary Obstructive Cholangiopathy. Gastroenterology Research and Practice،Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-458708
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Miranda-Díaz, A. G.…[et al.]. Toll-Like Receptors in Secondary Obstructive Cholangiopathy. Gastroenterology Research and Practice No. 2011 (2011), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-458708
American Medical Association (AMA)
Miranda-Díaz, A. G.& Alonso-Martínez, H.& Hernández-Ojeda, J.& Arias-Carvajal, O.& Rodríguez-Carrizalez, A. D.& Román-Pintos, L. M.. Toll-Like Receptors in Secondary Obstructive Cholangiopathy. Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2011. Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-458708
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-458708