Intensification of Azo Dye Removal Rate in the Presence of Immobilized TiO2 Nanoparticles and Inorganic Anions under UV-C Irradiation : Optimization by Response Surface Methodology

Abstract EN

Wastewaters contain inorganic anions that affect the removal rate of organic pollutants.

The present study aims to optimize the effects of inorganic anions such as NO3-, Cl−, HCO3-, and H2PO4- on the removal rate of an organic pollutant in the presence of immobilized TiO2 nanoparticles using response surface methodology (RSM).

C.I.

Acid Red 17 (AR17) was used as a model organic pollutant.

Thirty experiments were required to study the effects of anions in various concentrations.

The results indicate that the addition of NO3- and HCO3- ions intensifies the removal rate of AR17.

The results of the analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value (R2=0.9866 and Radj.2=0.9822).

The results indicate that RSM is a suitable method for modeling and optimizing the process.

The results prove that in the presence of and NO3- and HCO3- ions especially in the combination situation the removal rate of AR17 is enhanced considerably.

An important synergy effect was observed in the combination of NO3- and HCO3- ions, so that AR17 removal percent under the optimized RSM conditions was considerably more than the sum of removal percent when these ions are used individually.