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Mechanisms of Brain Aging Regulation by Insulin : Implications for Neurodegeneration in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease
Joint Authors
Roriz-Cruz, Matheus
Rieder, Carlos M.
Schuh, Artur F.
Chaves, Márcia L.
Rizzi, Liara
Source
Issue
Vol. 2011, Issue 2011 (31 Dec. 2011), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2011-05-26
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Insulin and IGF seem to be important players in modulating brain aging.
Neurons share more similarities with islet cells than any other human cell type.
Insulin and insulin receptors are diffusely found in the brain, especially so in the hippocampus.
Caloric restriction decreases insulin resistance, and it is the only proven mechanism to expand lifespan.
Conversely, insulin resistance increases with age, obesity, and sedentarism, all of which have been shown to be risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Hyperphagia and obesity potentiate the production of oxidative reactive species (ROS), and chronic hyperglycemia accelerates the formation of advanced glucose end products (AGEs) in (pre)diabetes—both mechanisms favoring a neurodegenerative milieu.
Prolonged high cerebral insulin concentrations cause microvascular endothelium proliferation, chronic hypoperfusion, and energy deficit, triggering β-amyloid oligomerization and tau hyperphosphorylation.
Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) seems to be the main mechanism in clearing β-amyloid from the brain.
Hyperinsulinemic states may deviate IDE utilization towards insulin processing, decreasing β-amyloid degradation.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Schuh, Artur F.& Rieder, Carlos M.& Rizzi, Liara& Chaves, Márcia L.& Roriz-Cruz, Matheus. 2011. Mechanisms of Brain Aging Regulation by Insulin : Implications for Neurodegeneration in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. ISRN Neurology،Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462096
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Schuh, Artur F.…[et al.]. Mechanisms of Brain Aging Regulation by Insulin : Implications for Neurodegeneration in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. ISRN Neurology No. 2011 (2011), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462096
American Medical Association (AMA)
Schuh, Artur F.& Rieder, Carlos M.& Rizzi, Liara& Chaves, Márcia L.& Roriz-Cruz, Matheus. Mechanisms of Brain Aging Regulation by Insulin : Implications for Neurodegeneration in Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease. ISRN Neurology. 2011. Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462096
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-462096