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Pharmacology of Hallucinations : Several Mechanisms for One Single Symptom?
Joint Authors
Jardri, Renaud
Bordet, Régis
Rolland, Benjamin
Thomas, Pierre
Amad, Ali
Cottencin, Olivier
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-06-04
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Hallucinations are complex misperceptions, that principally occur in schizophrenia or after intoxication induced by three main classes of drugs: psychostimulants, psychedelics, and dissociative anesthetics.
There are at least three different pharmacological ways to induce hallucinations: (1) activation of dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs) with psychostimulants, (2) activation of serotonin 5HT2A receptors (HT2ARs) with psychedelics, and (3) blockage of glutamate NMDA receptors (NMDARs) with dissociative anesthetics.
In schizophrenia, the relative importance of NMDAR and D2R in the occurrence of hallucinations is still debated.
Slight clinical differences are observed for each etiology.
Thus, we investigated whether the concept of hallucination is homogenous, both clinically and neurobiologically.
A narrative review of the literature is proposed to synthesize how the main contributors in the field have approached and tried to solve these outstanding questions.
While some authors prefer one explanatory mechanism, others have proposed more integrated theories based on the different pharmacological psychosis models.
In this review, such theories are discussed and faced with the clinical data.
In addition, the nosological aspects of hallucinations and psychosis are addressed.
We suggest that if there may be common neurobiological pathways between the different pharmacological systems that are responsible for the hallucinations, there may also be unique properties of each system, which explains the clinical differences observed.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Rolland, Benjamin& Jardri, Renaud& Amad, Ali& Thomas, Pierre& Cottencin, Olivier& Bordet, Régis. 2014. Pharmacology of Hallucinations : Several Mechanisms for One Single Symptom?. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462120
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Rolland, Benjamin…[et al.]. Pharmacology of Hallucinations : Several Mechanisms for One Single Symptom?. BioMed Research International No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462120
American Medical Association (AMA)
Rolland, Benjamin& Jardri, Renaud& Amad, Ali& Thomas, Pierre& Cottencin, Olivier& Bordet, Régis. Pharmacology of Hallucinations : Several Mechanisms for One Single Symptom?. BioMed Research International. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-462120
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-462120