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Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer : Current and Future Considerations
Joint Authors
Rapidis, Alexander D.
Wolf, Gregory T.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2009, Issue 2009 (31 Dec. 2009), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2009-08-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) are at considerable risk for death, with 5-year relative survival rates of approximately 60%.
The profound multifaceted deficiencies in cell-mediated immunity that persist in most patients after treatment may be related to the high rates of treatment failure and second primary malignancies.
Radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy commonly have severe acute and long-term side effects on immune responses.
The development of immunotherapies reflects growing awareness that certain immune system deficiencies specific to HNSCC and some other cancers may contribute to the poor long-term outcomes.
Systemic cell-mediated immunotherapy is intended to activate the entire immune system and mount a systemic and/or locoregional antitumor response.
The delivery of cytokines, either by single cytokines, for example, interleukin-2, interleukin-12, interferon-γ, interferon-α, or by a biologic mix of multiple cytokines, such as IRX-2, may result in tumor rejection and durable immune responses.
Targeted immunotherapy makes use of monoclonal antibodies or vaccines.
All immunotherapies for HNSCC except cetuximab remain investigational, but a number of agents whose efficacy and tolerability are promising have entered phase 2 or phase 3 development.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Rapidis, Alexander D.& Wolf, Gregory T.. 2009. Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer : Current and Future Considerations. Journal of Oncology،Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-464556
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Rapidis, Alexander D.& Wolf, Gregory T.. Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer : Current and Future Considerations. Journal of Oncology No. 2009 (2009), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-464556
American Medical Association (AMA)
Rapidis, Alexander D.& Wolf, Gregory T.. Immunotherapy of Head and Neck Cancer : Current and Future Considerations. Journal of Oncology. 2009. Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-464556
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-464556