San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang Protects against Activated Microglia- and 6-OHDA-Induced Toxicity in Neuronal SH-SY5Y Cells

Abstract EN

San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang (SHXT), composed of Coptidis rhizoma, Scutellariae radix and Rhei rhizoma, is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used to treat gastritis, gastric bleeding and peptic ulcers.

This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of SHXT on microglia-mediated neurotoxicity using co-cultured lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated microglia-like BV-2 cells with neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.

Effects of SHXT on 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced neurotoxicity were also examined in SH-SY5Y cells.

Results indicated SHXT inhibited LPS-induced inflammation of BV-2 cells by downregulation of iNOS, NO, COX-2, PGE2, gp91phox, iROS, TNF-α, IL-1β, inhibition of IκBα degradation and upregulation of HO-1.

In addition, SHXT increased cell viability and down regulated nNOS, COX-2 and gp91phox of SH-SY5Y cells co-cultured with LPS activated BV-2 cells.

SHXT treatment increased cell viability and mitochondria membrane potential (MMP), decreased expression of nNOS, COX-2, gp91phox and iROS, and inhibited IκBα degradation in 6-OHDA-treated SH-SY5Y cells.

SHXT also attenuated LPS activated BV-2 cells- and 6-OHDA-induced cell death in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells with db-cAMP.

Furthermore, SHXT-inhibited nuclear translocation of p65 subunit of NF-κB in LPS treated BV-2 cells and 6-OHDA treated SH-SY5Y cells.

In conclusion, SHXT showed protection from activated microglia- and 6-OHDA-induced neurotoxicity by attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress.