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An Adaptive Framework for Selecting Environmental Monitoring Protocols to Support Ocean Renewable Energy Development
Joint Authors
King, John W.
Spaulding, Malcolm
Fugate, Grover
Smith, Sarah L.
Kenney, Robert D.
Schwartz, Malia
Carnevale, Michelle
McCann, Jennifer
Shumchenia, Emily J.
Winiarski, Kristopher J.
Paton, Peter
Source
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-23, 23 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-12-23
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
23
Main Subjects
Natural & Life Sciences (Multidisciplinary)
Medicine
Information Technology and Computer Science
Abstract EN
Offshore renewable energy developments (OREDs) are projected to become common in the United States over the next two decades.
There are both a need and an opportunity to guide efforts to identify and track impacts to the marine ecosystem resulting from these installations.
A monitoring framework and standardized protocols that can be applied to multiple types of ORED would streamline scientific study, management, and permitting at these sites.
We propose an adaptive and reactive framework based on indicators of the likely changes to the marine ecosystem due to ORED.
We developed decision trees to identify suites of impacts at two scales (demonstration and commercial) depending on energy (wind, tidal, and wave), structure (e.g., turbine), and foundation type (e.g., monopile).
Impacts were categorized by ecosystem component (benthic habitat and resources, fish and fisheries, avian species, marine mammals, and sea turtles) and monitoring objectives were developed for each.
We present a case study at a commercial-scale wind farm and develop a monitoring plan for this development that addresses both local and national environmental concerns.
In addition, framework has provided a starting point for identifying global research needs and objectives for understanding of the potential effects of ORED on the marine environment.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Shumchenia, Emily J.& Smith, Sarah L.& McCann, Jennifer& Carnevale, Michelle& Fugate, Grover& Kenney, Robert D.…[et al.]. 2012. An Adaptive Framework for Selecting Environmental Monitoring Protocols to Support Ocean Renewable Energy Development. The Scientific World Journal،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-23.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-472564
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Shumchenia, Emily J.…[et al.]. An Adaptive Framework for Selecting Environmental Monitoring Protocols to Support Ocean Renewable Energy Development. The Scientific World Journal No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-23.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-472564
American Medical Association (AMA)
Shumchenia, Emily J.& Smith, Sarah L.& McCann, Jennifer& Carnevale, Michelle& Fugate, Grover& Kenney, Robert D.…[et al.]. An Adaptive Framework for Selecting Environmental Monitoring Protocols to Support Ocean Renewable Energy Development. The Scientific World Journal. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-23.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-472564
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-472564