Etiopathogenesis of Insulin Autoimmunity
Joint Authors
Lernmark, Åke
Moustakas, Antonis K.
Papadopoulos, George K.
Kanatsuna, Norio
Source
Anatomy Research International
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-20, 20 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-04-12
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
20
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Autoimmunity against pancreatic islet beta cells is strongly associated with proinsulin, insulin, or both.
The insulin autoreactivity is particularly pronounced in children with young age at onset of type 1 diabetes.
Possible mechanisms for (pro)insulin autoimmunity may involve beta-cell destruction resulting in proinsulin peptide presentation on HLA-DR-DQ Class II molecules in pancreatic draining lymphnodes.
Recent data on proinsulin peptide binding to type 1 diabetes-associated HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 is reviewed and illustrated by molecular modeling.
The importance of the cellular immune reaction involving cytotoxic CD8-positive T cells to kill beta cells through Class I MHC is discussed along with speculations of the possible role of B lymphocytes in presenting the proinsulin autoantigen over and over again through insulin-carrying insulin autoantibodies.
In contrast to autoantibodies against other islet autoantigens such as GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8 transporters, it has not been possible yet to standardize the insulin autoantibody test.
As islet autoantibodies predict type 1 diabetes, it is imperative to clarify the mechanisms of insulin autoimmunity.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Kanatsuna, Norio& Papadopoulos, George K.& Moustakas, Antonis K.& Lernmark, Åke. 2012. Etiopathogenesis of Insulin Autoimmunity. Anatomy Research International،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-473053
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Kanatsuna, Norio…[et al.]. Etiopathogenesis of Insulin Autoimmunity. Anatomy Research International No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-473053
American Medical Association (AMA)
Kanatsuna, Norio& Papadopoulos, George K.& Moustakas, Antonis K.& Lernmark, Åke. Etiopathogenesis of Insulin Autoimmunity. Anatomy Research International. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-473053
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-473053