Transitional Nerve : A New and Original Classification of a Peripheral Nerve Supported by the Nature of the Accessory Nerve (CN XI)‎

Joint Authors

Benninger, Brion
McNeil, Jonathan

Source

Neurology Research International

Issue

Vol. 2010, Issue 2010 (31 Dec. 2010), pp.1-15, 15 p.

Publisher

Hindawi Publishing Corporation

Publication Date

2011-01-13

Country of Publication

Egypt

No. of Pages

15

Main Subjects

Medicine

Abstract EN

Classically, the accessory nerve is described as having a cranial and a spinal root.

Textbooks are inconsistent with regard to the modality of the spinal root of the accessory nerve.

Some authors report the spinal root as general somatic efferent (GSE), while others list a special visceral efferent (SVE) modality.

We investigated the comparative, anatomical, embryological, and molecular literature to determine which modality of the accessory nerve was accurate and why a discrepancy exists.

We traced the origin of the incongruity to the writings of early comparative anatomists who believed the accessory nerve was either branchial or somatic depending on the origin of its target musculature.

Both theories were supported entirely by empirical observations of anatomical and embryological dissections.

We find ample evidence including very recent molecular experiments to show the cranial and spinal root are separate entities.

Furthermore, we determined the modality of the spinal root is neither GSE or SVE, but a unique peripheral nerve with a distinct modality.

We propose a new classification of the accessory nerve as a transitional nerve, which demonstrates characteristics of both spinal and cranial nerves.

American Psychological Association (APA)

Benninger, Brion& McNeil, Jonathan. 2011. Transitional Nerve : A New and Original Classification of a Peripheral Nerve Supported by the Nature of the Accessory Nerve (CN XI). Neurology Research International،Vol. 2010, no. 2010, pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-474582

Modern Language Association (MLA)

Benninger, Brion& McNeil, Jonathan. Transitional Nerve : A New and Original Classification of a Peripheral Nerve Supported by the Nature of the Accessory Nerve (CN XI). Neurology Research International No. 2010 (2010), pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-474582

American Medical Association (AMA)

Benninger, Brion& McNeil, Jonathan. Transitional Nerve : A New and Original Classification of a Peripheral Nerve Supported by the Nature of the Accessory Nerve (CN XI). Neurology Research International. 2011. Vol. 2010, no. 2010, pp.1-15.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-474582

Data Type

Journal Articles

Language

English

Notes

Includes bibliographical references

Record ID

BIM-474582