Abnormalities in Glutamate Metabolism and Excitotoxicity in the Retinal Diseases
Author
Source
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-13, 13 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-12-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
13
Main Subjects
Natural & Life Sciences (Multidisciplinary)
Diseases
Abstract EN
In the physiological condition, glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the retina.
However, excessive glutamate can be toxic to retinal neurons by overstimulation of the glutamate receptors.
Glutamate excess is primarily attributed to perturbation in the homeostasis of the glutamate metabolism.
Major pathway of glutamate metabolism consists of glutamate uptake by glutamate transporters followed by enzymatic conversion of glutamate to nontoxic glutamine by glutamine synthetase.
Glutamate metabolism requires energy supply, and the energy loss inhibits the functions of both glutamate transporters and glutamine synthetase.
In this review, we describe the present knowledge concerning the retinal glutamate metabolism under the physiological and pathological conditions.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Ishikawa, Makoto. 2013. Abnormalities in Glutamate Metabolism and Excitotoxicity in the Retinal Diseases. Scientifica،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-478945
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Ishikawa, Makoto. Abnormalities in Glutamate Metabolism and Excitotoxicity in the Retinal Diseases. Scientifica No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-478945
American Medical Association (AMA)
Ishikawa, Makoto. Abnormalities in Glutamate Metabolism and Excitotoxicity in the Retinal Diseases. Scientifica. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-13.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-478945
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-478945