Water Extract of Deer Bones Activates Macrophages and Alleviates Neutropenia
Joint Authors
Ku, Jin Mo
Choi, Han-Seok
Ko, Seong-Gyu
Kim, Soon Re
Shin, Yong Cheol
Cho, Sung-Gook
Kim, Min Kyoung
Shin, Sangtae
Hong, Se Hyang
Seo, Hye-Sook
Source
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine
Issue
Vol. 2013, Issue 2013 (31 Dec. 2013), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2013-06-09
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Extracts from deer bones, called nok-gol in Korean, have long been used to invigorate Qi.
While neutropenia is not well detected in normal physiological condition, it could be a cause of severe problems to develop diseases such as infectious and cancerous diseases.
Thus, a prevention of neutropenia in normal physiology and pathophysiological states is important for maintaining Qi and preventing disease progress.
In cell biological aspects, activated macrophages are known to prevent neutropenia.
In this study, we demonstrate that water extract of deer bone (herein, NG) prevents neutropenia by activating macrophages.
In mouse neutropenia model system in vivo where ICR mice were treated with cyclophosphamide to immunosuppress, an oral administration of NG altered the number of blood cells including lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils.
This in vivo effect of NG was relevant to that of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) that was known to improve neutropenia.
Our in vitro studies further showed that NG treatment increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promoted macrophagic differentiation of mouse monocytic Raw264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner.
In addition, NG enhanced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis and secretions of cytokines including IL-6 and TNF-α.
Consistently, NG treatment induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, IKK, IκBα, and NF-κB in Raw264.7 cells.
Thus, our data suggest that NG is helpful for alleviating neutropenia.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Choi, Han-Seok& Kim, Soon Re& Hong, Se Hyang& Ku, Jin Mo& Kim, Min Kyoung& Seo, Hye-Sook…[et al.]. 2013. Water Extract of Deer Bones Activates Macrophages and Alleviates Neutropenia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine،Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-485477
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Choi, Han-Seok…[et al.]. Water Extract of Deer Bones Activates Macrophages and Alleviates Neutropenia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine No. 2013 (2013), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-485477
American Medical Association (AMA)
Choi, Han-Seok& Kim, Soon Re& Hong, Se Hyang& Ku, Jin Mo& Kim, Min Kyoung& Seo, Hye-Sook…[et al.]. Water Extract of Deer Bones Activates Macrophages and Alleviates Neutropenia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2013. Vol. 2013, no. 2013, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-485477
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-485477