Nonprofessional Phagocytosis Can Facilitate Herpesvirus Entry into Ocular Cells
Joint Authors
Source
Clinical and Developmental Immunology
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-8, 8 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-03-15
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
8
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Phagocytosis is a major mechanism by which the mediators of innate immunity thwart microbial infections.
Here we demonstrate that human herpesviruses may have evolved a common mechanism to exploit a phagocytosis-like entrapment to gain entry into ocular cells.
While herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) causes corneal keratitis, cytomegalovirus (CMV) is associated with retinitis in immunocompromised individuals.
A third herpesvirus, human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), is crucial for the pathogenesis of Kaposi’s sarcoma, a common AIDS-related tumor of eyelid and conjunctiva.
Using laser scanning confocal microscopy, we show that successful infection of ocular cell types by all the three viruses, belonging to three divergent subfamilies of herpesviruses, is facilitated by induction of F-actin rich membrane protrusions.
Inhibitors of F-actin polymerization and membrane protrusion formation, cytochalasin D and latrunculin B, were able to block infection by all three viruses.
Similar inhibition was seen by blocking phosphoinositide 3 kinase signaling, which is required for microbial phagocytosis.
Transmission electron microscopy data using human corneal fibroblasts for HSV-1, human retinal pigment epithelial cells for CMV, and human conjunctival epithelial cells for HHV-8 are consistent with the possibility that pseudopod-like membrane protrusions facilitate virus uptake by the ocular cells.
Our findings suggest a novel mechanism by which the nonprofessional mediators of phagocytosis can be infected by human herpesviruses.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Tiwari, Vaibhav& Shukla, Deepak. 2012. Nonprofessional Phagocytosis Can Facilitate Herpesvirus Entry into Ocular Cells. Clinical and Developmental Immunology،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-488342
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Tiwari, Vaibhav& Shukla, Deepak. Nonprofessional Phagocytosis Can Facilitate Herpesvirus Entry into Ocular Cells. Clinical and Developmental Immunology No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-488342
American Medical Association (AMA)
Tiwari, Vaibhav& Shukla, Deepak. Nonprofessional Phagocytosis Can Facilitate Herpesvirus Entry into Ocular Cells. Clinical and Developmental Immunology. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-8.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-488342
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-488342