Potential Pitfall in the Assessment of Lung Cancer with FDG-PETCT : Talc Pleurodesis Causes Intrathoracic Nodal FDG Avidity

Abstract EN

Objective.

Talc pleurodesis is a common procedure performed to treat complications related to lung cancer.

The purpose of our study was to characterize any thoracic nodal findings on FDG PET/CT associated with prior talc pleurodesis.

Materials and Methods.

The electronic medical record identified 44 patients who underwent PET/CT between January 2006 and December 2010 and had a history of talc pleurodesis.

For each exam, we evaluated the distribution pattern, size, and attenuation of intrathoracic lymph nodes and the associated standardized uptake value.

Results.

High-attenuation intrathoracic lymph nodes were noted in 11 patients (25%), and all had corresponding increased FDG uptake (range 2–9 mm).

Involved nodal groups were anterior peridiaphragmatic (100%), paracardiac (45%), internal mammary (25%), and peri-IVC (18%) nodal stations.

Seven of the 11 patients (63%) had involvement of multiple lymph nodal groups.

Mean longitudinal PET/CT and standalone CT followups of 15±11 months showed persistence of both high-attenuation and increased uptake at these sites, without increase in nodal size suggesting metastatic disease involvement.

Conclusions.

FDG avid, high-attenuation lymph nodes along the lymphatic drainage pathway for parietal pleura are a relatively common finding following talc pleurodesis and should not be mistaken for nodal metastases during the evaluation of patients with history of lung cancer.