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Diverse Functions of Secretory Phospholipases A2
Joint Authors
Webb, Nancy R.
Shridas, Preetha
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-07-15
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Phospholipase A2 enzymes (PLA2s) catalyze the hydrolysis of glycerophospholipids at their sn-2 position releasing free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.
Mammalian PLA2s are classified into several categories of which important groups include secreted PLA2s (sPLA2s) and cytosolic PLA2s (cPLA2s) that are calcium-dependent for their catalytic activity and calcium-independent cytosolic PLA2s (iPLA2s).
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolases (PAF-AHs), lysosomal PLA2s, and adipose-specific PLA2 also belong to the class of PLA2s.
Generally, cPLA2 enzymes are believed to play a major role in the metabolism of arachidonic acid, the iPLA2 family to membrane homeostasis and energy metabolism, and the sPLA2 family to various biological processes.
The focus of this review is on recent research developments in the sPLA2 field.
sPLA2s are secreted enzymes with low molecular weight (with the exception of GIII sPLA2), Ca2+-requiring enzymes with a His-Asp catalytic dyad.
Ten enzymatically active sPLA2s and one devoid of enzymatic activity have been identified in mammals.
Some of these sPLA2s are potent in arachidonic acid release from cellular phospholipids for the biosynthesis of eicosanoids, especially during inflammation.
Individual sPLA2 enzymes exhibit unique tissue and cellular localizations and specific enzymatic properties, suggesting their distinct biological roles.
Recent studies indicate that sPLA2s are involved in diverse pathophysiological functions and for most part act nonredundantly.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Shridas, Preetha& Webb, Nancy R.. 2014. Diverse Functions of Secretory Phospholipases A2. Advances in Vascular Medicine،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-490765
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Shridas, Preetha& Webb, Nancy R.. Diverse Functions of Secretory Phospholipases A2. Advances in Vascular Medicine No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-490765
American Medical Association (AMA)
Shridas, Preetha& Webb, Nancy R.. Diverse Functions of Secretory Phospholipases A2. Advances in Vascular Medicine. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-490765
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-490765