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The Bone-Muscle Relationship in Men and Women
Author
Source
Issue
Vol. 2011, Issue 2011 (31 Dec. 2011), pp.1-4, 4 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2011-10-05
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
4
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Muscle forces are a strong determinant of bone structure, particularly during the process of growth and development.
The gender divergence in the bone-muscle relationship becomes strongly evident during adolescence.
In females, growth is characterized by increased estrogen levels and increased mass and strength of bone relative to that of muscle, whereas in men, increases in testosterone fuel large increases in muscle, resulting in muscle forces that coincide with a large growth in bone dimensions and strength.
In adulthood, significant age-related losses are observed for both bone and muscle tissues.
Large decrease in estrogen levels in women appears to diminish the skeleton's responsiveness to exercise more than in men.
In contrast, the aging of the muscle-bone axis in men is a function of age related declines in both hormones.
In addition to the well-known age related changes in the mechanical loading of bone by muscle, newer studies appear to provide evidence of age- and gender-related variations in molecular signaling between bone and muscle that are independent of purely mechanical interactions.
In summary, gender differences in the acquisition and age-related loss in bone and muscle tissues may be important for developing gender-specific strategies for using exercise to reduce bone loss with aging.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Lang, Thomas F.. 2011. The Bone-Muscle Relationship in Men and Women. Journal of Osteoporosis،Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-491752
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Lang, Thomas F.. The Bone-Muscle Relationship in Men and Women. Journal of Osteoporosis No. 2011 (2011), pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-491752
American Medical Association (AMA)
Lang, Thomas F.. The Bone-Muscle Relationship in Men and Women. Journal of Osteoporosis. 2011. Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-4.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-491752
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-491752