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Inhibitory Effects of Ketamine on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Activation
Joint Authors
Lee, Jie-Jen
Hsiao, George
Chou, Duen-Suey
Chang, Yi
Sheu, Joen-Rong
Hsieh, Cheng-Ying
Source
Issue
Vol. 2009, Issue 2009 (31 Dec. 2009), pp.1-7, 7 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2009-03-30
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
7
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Microglia activated in response to brain injury release neurotoxic factors including nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β).
Ketamine, an anesthetic induction agent, is generally reserved for use in patients with severe hypotension or respiratory depression.
In this study, we found that ketamine (100 and 250 μM) concentration-dependently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO and IL-1β release in primary cultured microglia.
However, ketamine (100 and 250 μM) did not significantly inhibit the LPS-induced TNF-α production in microglia, except at the higher concentration (500 μM).
Further study of the molecular mechanisms revealed that ketamine markedly inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation but not c-Jun N-terminal kinase or p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase stimulated by LPS in microglia.
These results suggest that microglial inactivation by ketamine is at least partially due to inhibition of ERK1/2 phosphorylation.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Chang, Yi& Lee, Jie-Jen& Hsieh, Cheng-Ying& Hsiao, George& Chou, Duen-Suey& Sheu, Joen-Rong. 2009. Inhibitory Effects of Ketamine on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Activation. Mediators of Inflammation،Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-492014
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Chang, Yi…[et al.]. Inhibitory Effects of Ketamine on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Activation. Mediators of Inflammation No. 2009 (2009), pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-492014
American Medical Association (AMA)
Chang, Yi& Lee, Jie-Jen& Hsieh, Cheng-Ying& Hsiao, George& Chou, Duen-Suey& Sheu, Joen-Rong. Inhibitory Effects of Ketamine on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Microglial Activation. Mediators of Inflammation. 2009. Vol. 2009, no. 2009, pp.1-7.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-492014
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-492014