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Side Effects of Radiographic Contrast Media : Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prevention
Joint Authors
Solomon, Richard
Andreucci, Michele
Tasanarong, Adis
Source
Issue
Vol. 2014, Issue 2014 (31 Dec. 2014), pp.1-20, 20 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2014-05-11
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
20
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Radiocontrast media (RCM) are medical drugs used to improve the visibility of internal organs and structures in X-ray based imaging techniques.
They may have side effects ranging from itching to a life-threatening emergency, known as contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN).
We define CIN as acute renal failure occurring within 24–72 hrs of exposure to RCM that cannot be attributed to other causes.
It usually occurs in patients with preexisting renal impairment and diabetes.
The mechanisms underlying CIN include reduction in medullary blood flow leading to hypoxia and direct tubule cell damage and the formation of reactive oxygen species.
Identification of patients at high risk for CIN is important.
We have reviewed the risk factors and procedures for prevention, providing a long list of references enabling readers a deep evaluation of them both.
The first rule to follow in patients at risk of CIN undergoing radiographic procedure is monitoring renal function by measuring serum creatinine and calculating the eGFR before and once daily for 5 days after the procedure.
It is advised to discontinue potentially nephrotoxic medications, to choose radiocontrast media at lowest dosage, and to encourage oral or intravenous hydration.
In high-risk patients N-acetylcysteine may also be given.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Andreucci, Michele& Solomon, Richard& Tasanarong, Adis. 2014. Side Effects of Radiographic Contrast Media : Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prevention. BioMed Research International،Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-494991
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Andreucci, Michele…[et al.]. Side Effects of Radiographic Contrast Media : Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prevention. BioMed Research International No. 2014 (2014), pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-494991
American Medical Association (AMA)
Andreucci, Michele& Solomon, Richard& Tasanarong, Adis. Side Effects of Radiographic Contrast Media : Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Prevention. BioMed Research International. 2014. Vol. 2014, no. 2014, pp.1-20.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-494991
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-494991