Exercise and Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women : A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract EN

Objective.

Examine the effects of exercise on femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) in premenopausal women.

Methods.

Meta-analysis of randomized controlled exercise trials ≥24 weeks in premenopausal women.

Standardized effect sizes (g) were calculated for each result and pooled using random-effects models, Z score alpha values, 95% confidence intervals (CIs), and number needed to treat (NNT).

Heterogeneity was examined using Q and I2.

Moderator and predictor analyses using mixed-effects ANOVA and simple metaregression were conducted.

Statistical significance was set at P≤0.05.

Results.

Statistically significant improvements were found for both FN (7g's, 466 participants, g=0.342, 95% CI=0.132, 0.553, P=0.001, Q=10.8, P=0.22, I2=25.7%, NNT=5) and LS (6g's, 402 participants, g=0.201, 95% CI=0.009, 0.394, P=0.04, Q=3.3, P=0.65, I2=0%, NNT=9) BMD.

A trend for greater benefits in FN BMD was observed for studies published in countries other than the United States and for those who participated in home versus facility-based exercise.

Statistically significant, or a trend for statistically significant, associations were observed for 7 different moderators and predictors, 6 for FN BMD and 1 for LS BMD.

Conclusions.

Exercise benefits FN and LS BMD in premenopausal women.

The observed moderators and predictors deserve further investigation in well-designed randomized controlled trials.

Erratum to “Exercise and Bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials”dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/583217