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Fetal Programming of the Neuroendocrine-Immune System and Metabolic Disease
Joint Authors
Steele, M.
Karrow, N. A.
Fisher, R. E.
Source
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-10, 10 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-08-16
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
10
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Adverse uterine environments experienced during fetal development can alter the projected growth pattern of various organs and systems of the body, leaving the offspring at an increased risk of metabolic disease.
The thrifty phenotype hypothesis has been demonstrated as an alteration to the growth trajectory to improve the survival and reproductive fitness of the individual.
However, when the intrauterine environment does not match the extrauterine environment problems can arise.
With the increase in metabolic diseases in both Westernized and developing countries, it is becoming apparent that there is an environmental disconnect with the extrauterine environment.
Therefore, the focus of this paper will be to explore the effects of maternal malnutrition on the offspring’s susceptibility to metabolic disorders such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes with emphasis on programming of the neuroendocrine-immune system.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Fisher, R. E.& Steele, M.& Karrow, N. A.. 2012. Fetal Programming of the Neuroendocrine-Immune System and Metabolic Disease. Journal of Pregnancy،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-498528
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Fisher, R. E.…[et al.]. Fetal Programming of the Neuroendocrine-Immune System and Metabolic Disease. Journal of Pregnancy No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-498528
American Medical Association (AMA)
Fisher, R. E.& Steele, M.& Karrow, N. A.. Fetal Programming of the Neuroendocrine-Immune System and Metabolic Disease. Journal of Pregnancy. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-498528
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-498528