Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy : A Review
Joint Authors
Saulle, Michael
Greenwald, Brian D.
Source
Rehabilitation Research and Practice
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-9, 9 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-04-10
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
9
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is a long-term consequence of single or repetitive closed head injuries for which there is no treatment and no definitive pre-mortem diagnosis.
It has been closely tied to athletes who participate in contact sports like boxing, American football, soccer, professional wrestling and hockey.
Risk factors include head trauma, presence of ApoE3 or ApoE4 allele, military service, and old age.
It is histologically identified by the presence of tau-immunoreactive NFTs and NTs with some cases having a TDP-43 proteinopathy or beta-amyloid plaques.
It has an insidious clinical presentation that begins with cognitive and emotional disturbances and can progress to Parkinsonian symptoms.
The exact mechanism for CTE has not been precisely defined however, research suggest it is due to an ongoing metabolic and immunologic cascade called immunoexcitiotoxicity.
Prevention and education are currently the most compelling way to combat CTE and will be an emphasis of both physicians and athletes.
Further research is needed to aid in pre-mortem diagnosis, therapies, and support for individuals and their families living with CTE.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Saulle, Michael& Greenwald, Brian D.. 2012. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy : A Review. Rehabilitation Research and Practice،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500369
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Saulle, Michael& Greenwald, Brian D.. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy : A Review. Rehabilitation Research and Practice No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500369
American Medical Association (AMA)
Saulle, Michael& Greenwald, Brian D.. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy : A Review. Rehabilitation Research and Practice. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-9.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500369
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-500369