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Targeting the ACE2 and Apelin Pathways Are Novel Therapies for Heart Failure : Opportunities and Challenges
Joint Authors
Patel, Vaibhav B.
Kazemi-Bajestani, Seyyed M. R.
Oudit, Gavin Y.
Wang, Wang
Source
Cardiology Research and Practice
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-11, 11 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-05-13
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
11
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Ang II/Ang 1–7 and the apelin/APJ are two important peptide systems which exert diverse effects on the cardiovascular system.
ACE2 is a key negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) where it metabolizes angiotensin (Ang) II into Ang 1–7, an endogenous antagonist of Ang II.
Both the prolonged activation of RAS and the loss of ACE2 can be detrimental as they lead to functional deterioration of the heart and progression of cardiac, renal, and vascular diseases.
Recombinant human ACE2 in an animal model of ACE2 knockout mice lowers Ang II.
These interactions neutralize the pressor and subpressor pathologic effects of Ang II by producing Ang 1–7 levels in vivo, that might be cardiovascular protective.
ACE2 hydrolyzes apelin to Ang II and, therefore, is responsible for the degradation of both peptides.
Apelin has emerged as a promising peptide biomarker of heart failure.
The serum level of apelin in cardiovascular diseases tends to be decreased.
Apelin is recognized as an imperative controller of systemic blood pressure and myocardium contractility.
Dysregulation of the apelin/APJ system may be involved in the predisposition to cardiovascular diseases, and enhancing apelin action may have important therapeutic effects.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Kazemi-Bajestani, Seyyed M. R.& Patel, Vaibhav B.& Wang, Wang& Oudit, Gavin Y.. 2012. Targeting the ACE2 and Apelin Pathways Are Novel Therapies for Heart Failure : Opportunities and Challenges. Cardiology Research and Practice،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500930
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Kazemi-Bajestani, Seyyed M. R.…[et al.]. Targeting the ACE2 and Apelin Pathways Are Novel Therapies for Heart Failure : Opportunities and Challenges. Cardiology Research and Practice No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500930
American Medical Association (AMA)
Kazemi-Bajestani, Seyyed M. R.& Patel, Vaibhav B.& Wang, Wang& Oudit, Gavin Y.. Targeting the ACE2 and Apelin Pathways Are Novel Therapies for Heart Failure : Opportunities and Challenges. Cardiology Research and Practice. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-11.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-500930
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-500930