Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans
Joint Authors
Roy, Monique S.
Roy, Alec
Janal, Malvin N.
Source
International Journal of Hypertension
Issue
Vol. 2011, Issue 2011 (31 Dec. 2011), pp.1-10, 10 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2011-08-23
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
10
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Objective.
To determine risk factors for the development of hypertension among African-Americans living with type 1 diabetes.
Methods.
African-Americans with type 1 diabetes (n = 483) participated in a 6-year followup.
At both baseline and followup blood pressure was measured twice in both sitting and standing positions using a standard protocol.
Patients had a structured clinical interview, ocular examination, retinal photographs, and blood and urine assays and completed the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
Results.
Of the 280 diabetic patients with no hypertension at baseline, 82 (29.3%) subsequently developed hypertension over the 6-year followup.
Baseline older age, longer duration of diabetes, family history of hypertension, greater mean arterial blood pressure, overt proteinuria, increasing retinopathy severity, peripheral neuropathy, smoking, and higher hostility scores were significantly associated with the development of hypertension.
Multivariate analyses showed that higher hostility scores and overt proteinuria were significantly and independently associated with the development of hypertension in this population.
Conclusions.
The development of hypertension in African-Americans living with type 1 diabetes appears to be multifactorial and includes both medical (overt proteinuria) as well as psychological (high hostility) risk factors.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Roy, Monique S.& Janal, Malvin N.& Roy, Alec. 2011. Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans. International Journal of Hypertension،Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-503692
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Roy, Monique S.…[et al.]. Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans. International Journal of Hypertension No. 2011 (2011), pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-503692
American Medical Association (AMA)
Roy, Monique S.& Janal, Malvin N.& Roy, Alec. Medical and Psychological Risk Factors for Incident Hypertension in Type 1 Diabetic African-Americans. International Journal of Hypertension. 2011. Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-10.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-503692
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-503692