Life History of the Camelthorn Gall Leafhopper, Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae)
Joint Authors
Source
Issue
Vol. 2012, Issue 2012 (31 Dec. 2012), pp.1-19, 19 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2012-05-07
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
19
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
The world’s only member of Hemiptera Auchenorrhyncha known to form true galls, the leafhopper Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste) (Cicadellidae), transforms leaves of camelthorn (Alhagi maurorum Medikus, Fabaceae) into pod-like chambers, up to 35 mm long, inside which individual leafhoppers develop, mate, and lay eggs.
At the study site 40 km SE of Bukhara (Uzbekistan), two generations develop annually.
First-instar nymphs cause young leaves to fold along the midrib.
The subsequent development takes place inside the tightly closed growing gall, plugged at both ends with a mixture of leafhopper excrement, brochosomes, and crushed exuviae.
These plugs act as mechanical barriers and sticky traps for intruders.
The inner surface of the gall, lined with brochosomes and wax platelets, is hydrophobic.
Adult males emerge from their galls and squeeze into female galls.
Fertilized females insert an average of 146 eggs under the gall’s inner epidermis and remain inside, possibly protecting the brood, until they die.
The walls of the galls containing eggs are approximately three times thicker than regular leaves.
The galls are subject to predation by Gelechiidae caterpillars; the eggs of the leafhopper are parasitized by two species of Trichogrammatidae and one Mymaridae (Hymenoptera), and its larvae by one species of Pipunculidae (Diptera).
American Psychological Association (APA)
Rakitov, Roman& Appel, Esther. 2012. Life History of the Camelthorn Gall Leafhopper, Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Psyche،Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-19.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509123
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Rakitov, Roman& Appel, Esther. Life History of the Camelthorn Gall Leafhopper, Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Psyche No. 2012 (2012), pp.1-19.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509123
American Medical Association (AMA)
Rakitov, Roman& Appel, Esther. Life History of the Camelthorn Gall Leafhopper, Scenergates viridis (Vilbaste) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae). Psyche. 2012. Vol. 2012, no. 2012, pp.1-19.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-509123
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-509123