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Increasing Trend of Resistance to Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Pakistan (1992–2009)
Joint Authors
Jabeen, Kauser
Zafar, Afia
Malik, Faisal
Nizamuddin, Summiya
Irfan, Seema
Khan, Erum
Source
Issue
Vol. 2011, Issue 2011 (31 Dec. 2011), pp.1-5, 5 p.
Publisher
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Publication Date
2011-09-15
Country of Publication
Egypt
No. of Pages
5
Main Subjects
Abstract EN
Emergence and spread of drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae is global concern.
We evaluated trends of antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae over years 1992–2009 in Pakistan.
Resistance rates were compared between years (2007–2009) and (1992–2006).
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and interpreted according to Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) criteria using the disk diffusion methodology against penicillin, ceftriaxone, tetracycline and ofloxacin.
Additional antibiotics tested in 100 strains isolated during 2007–2009, included cefotaxime, cefoxitin, cefuroxime, cefipime, ceftazidime, ceftizoxime, cefixime, cefpodoxime, spectinomycin and azithromycin.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae ATCC 49226 was used as control.
Chi-square for trend analysis was conducted to assess resistance trend over the study period.
During study period significant increase in combined resistance to penicillin, tetracycline and ofloxacin was observed (P value <0.01).
Resistance rates during the two study period also increased significantly (P value <0.01).
Ceftriaxone resistance was not observed.
None of the isolates were found to be resistant or with intermediate sensitivity to additional antibiotics.
Our findings suggest that penicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline should not be used in the empirical treatment of gonorrhea in Pakistan.
Ceftriaxone and cefixime should be the first line therapy; however periodic MICs should be determined to identify emergence of strains with reduced susceptibility.
American Psychological Association (APA)
Jabeen, Kauser& Nizamuddin, Summiya& Irfan, Seema& Khan, Erum& Malik, Faisal& Zafar, Afia. 2011. Increasing Trend of Resistance to Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Pakistan (1992–2009). Journal of Tropical Medicine،Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511597
Modern Language Association (MLA)
Jabeen, Kauser…[et al.]. Increasing Trend of Resistance to Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Pakistan (1992–2009). Journal of Tropical Medicine No. 2011 (2011), pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511597
American Medical Association (AMA)
Jabeen, Kauser& Nizamuddin, Summiya& Irfan, Seema& Khan, Erum& Malik, Faisal& Zafar, Afia. Increasing Trend of Resistance to Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae from Pakistan (1992–2009). Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2011. Vol. 2011, no. 2011, pp.1-5.
https://search.emarefa.net/detail/BIM-511597
Data Type
Journal Articles
Language
English
Notes
Includes bibliographical references
Record ID
BIM-511597